- 閱讀理解A
題干：Intheatmosphere,carbondioxideactsratherlikeaone-waymirrorortheglassintheroofofagreenhousewhichallowsthesun’sraystoenterbutpreventstheheatfromescaping.Accordingtoaweatherexpert’sprediction,theatmospherewillbe3°Cwarmerintheyear2050thanitistoday,ifmancontinuestoburnfuelsatthepresentrate.Ifthiswarminguptookplace,theicecapsinthepoleswouldbegintomelt,thusraisingsealevelseveralmetersandseverelyfloodingcoastalcities.Also,theincreaseinatmospherictemperaturewouldleadtogreatchangesintheclimateofthenorthernhemisphere,possiblyresultinginanalterationoftheearth’schieffoodgrowingzones.Inthepast,concernaboutaman-madewarmingoftheearthhasconcentratedontheArcticbecausetheAntarcticismuchcolderandhasamuchthickericesheet.ButtheweatherexpertsarenowpayingmoreattentiontoWestAntarctic,whichmaybeaffectedbyonlyafewdegreesofwarming:inotherwords,byawarmingonthescalethatwillpossiblytakeplaceinthenextfiftyyearsfromtheburningoffuels.SatellitepicturesshowthatlargeareasofAntarcticicearealreadydisappearing.Theevidenceavailablesuggeststhatawarminghastakenplace.Thisfitsthetheorythatcarbondioxidewarmstheearth.However,mostofthefuelisburntinthenorthernhemisphere,wheretemperaturesseemtobefalling.Scientistsconclude,therefore,thatuptonownaturalinfluencesontheweatherhaveexceededthosecausedbyman.Thequestionis:Whichnaturalcausehasmosteffectontheweather?Onepossibilityisthevariablebehaviorofthesun.Astronomersatoneresearchstationhavestudiedthehotspotsand‘cold’spots(thatis,therelativelylesshotspots)onthesun.Asthesunrotates,every27.5days,itpresentshotteror‘colder’facestotheearth,anddifferentaspectstodifferentpartsoftheearth.Thisseemstohaveaconsiderableeffectonthedistributionoftheearth’satmosphericpressure,andconsequentlyonwindcirculation.Thesunisalsovariableoveralongterm:itsheatoutputgoesupanddownincycles,thelatesttrendbeingdownward.Scientistsarenowfindingmutualrelationsbetweenmodelsofsolarweatherinteractionsandtheactualclimateovermanythousandsofyears,includingthelastIceAge.TheproblemisthatthemodelsarepredictingthattheworldshouldbeenteringanewIceAgeanditisnot.Onewayofsolvingthistheoreticaldifficultyistoassumeadelayofthousandsofyearswhilethesolareffectsovercometheinertia(慣性)oftheearth’sclimate.Ifthisisright,thewarmingeffectofcarbondioxidemightthusbeservingasausefulcounterbalancetothesun’sdiminishingheat.
題目： Although the fuel consumption is greater in the northern hemisphere, temperatures there seem to be falling. This is（）. - A 、mainly because the levels of carbon dioxide are rising
- B 、possibly because the ice caps in the poles are melting
- C 、exclusively due to the effect of the inertia of the earth’s climate
- D 、partly due to variations in the output of solar energy
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參考答案【正確答案：D】
北半球的carbon dioxide的濃度較高，按理說這半球的溫度更高才對，但是情況正相反，說明有carbon dioxide以外的其他因素也影響大氣溫度的變化。作者在第六段末尾指出：its heat output goes up and down in cycles, the latest trend being downward。在第七段作者又說，根據太陽天氣交互作用模型現在應該是一個新的冰期時代的開始，但實際上又不是，說明大氣中不斷上升的carbon dioxide濃度又使得氣溫中不斷消失的太陽熱量得以平衡。因此，本題正確答案是D。A所導致的結果與原文所要探討的正好相反；B與原文內容無關；C說的太絕對，如果果真如此的話，現在應該已進入新的Ice Age了!
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