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2010年4月13日,國家主席胡錦濤在美國首都華盛頓舉行的核安全峰會上發表了題為《攜手應對核安全挑戰共同促進和平與發展》的重要講話。講話全文如下:
攜手應對核安全挑戰 共同促進和平與發展
——在核安全峰會上的講話
(2010年4月13日,華盛頓)
中華人民共和國主席 胡錦濤
Join Hands to Meet Nuclear Security Challenge and Promote Peace and Development
——Statement by H.E. Hu Jintao, President of the People’s Republic of China
At the Nuclear Security Summit
Washington D.C., 13 April 2010
尊敬的奧巴馬總統,
各位同事:
President Obama,
Dear Colleagues,
核安全問題事關核能和經濟可持續發展,事關社會穩定和公眾安全,事關國際和平與安寧。
Nuclear security concerns the sustainable development of nuclear energy and the wider economy. It bears on social stability and public safety, and affects international peace and tranquility.
核能開發利用是20世紀人類最偉大的科技成就之一,促進了人類社會進步,給廣大民眾帶來了福祉。步入21世紀,為應對氣候變化、保障能源安全,核能需求大幅增長,核工業發展勢頭強勁,核能與各國經濟社會發展的關系更為緊密。
The development and utilization of nuclear energy was one of the greatest scientific and technological achievements of the 20th century. It brought benefits to the people and spurred human progress. With the advent of the 21st century, the demand for nuclear energy has grown significantly to meet the need of tackling climate change and ensuring energy security. The nuclear industry has shown a strong momentum of growth, and nuclear energy has played a greater role in economic and social development.
同時,國際安全形勢復雜多變,核安全問題日益引起國際社會關注,主要是非傳統安全問題凸顯、核恐怖主義潛在威脅不容忽視、核材料流失和非法販運風險上升。妥善應對核安全挑戰,保障核能持續健康發展,維護國際安全穩定,成為各國共同面臨的重要課題。
On the other hand, the complex and fluid global security situation has highlighted nuclear security as a growing concern to the international community. With non-traditional security issues becoming more prominent, the potential threat of nuclear terrorism cannot be neglected, and the risk of nuclear material diversion and illicit trafficking is on the rise. It is incumbent upon all countries to properly address the nuclear security challenge, ensure sustained and sound development of nuclear energy, and uphold international security and stability.
加強核安全符合各國共同利益,需要我們攜手努力。借此機會,我愿提出5點主張。
Enhanced nuclear security serves the interest of all countries and requires concerted action. I wish to propose, in this connection, that we take earnest steps in the following five areas:
第一,切實履行核安全的國家承諾和責任。各國應該更加重視核安全問題,履行相關國際義務,加強國內相關立法和監督管理機制,采取有效措施保護本國核材料和核設施安全,培育核安全文化,強化出口管制,提高核安全能力。
First, honor national commitments and responsibilities. All countries should pay more attention to the issue of nuclear security, fulfill relevant international obligations, and reinforce domestic legislation and regulatory control. We should adopt effective measures to secure nuclear materials and facilities within our respective jurisdictions, promote nuclear security culture, improve export control, and enhance nuclear security capacity.
第二,切實鞏固現有核安全國際法框架。我們應該推動《核材料實物保護公約》修訂案盡早生效,促進《制止核恐怖主義行為國際公約》的普遍性。應該全面履行聯合國安理會有關決議,有效打擊核材料非法販運,防范非國家行為者獲取核材料。
Second, consolidate the existing international legal framework. We should work for the early entry into force of the Amendment to the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material, and promote universality of the International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism. We should fully implement relevant UN Security Council resolutions, effectively fight illicit trafficking of nuclear material, and prevent non-state actors from obtaining such material.
第三,切實加強核安全國際合作。各國應該充分利用現有多邊和雙邊合作機制和渠道,分享核安全經驗,加強信息交流和執法合作。應該支持國際原子能機構在核安全領域發揮主導作用,充分利用機構平臺,支持各國核安全努力。各國還可以探討合作開發有助于降低安全風險的核技術。
Third, strengthen international cooperation. Countries should make good use of existing multilateral and bilateral cooperation mechanisms and channels to share experience in nuclear security and intensify information exchange and law enforcement cooperation. We should support the leading role of the IAEA in the field of nuclear security, and take full advantage of the platform provided by the IAEA to support national nuclear security efforts. We may also explore ways to jointly develop nuclear technologies that can help bring down security risks.
第四,切實幫助發展中國家提高核安全能力。國際原子能機構和發達國家應該尊重發展中國家意愿,根據其實際需要和現有條件,在經濟、技術、人力資源等方面加大援助力度,促進實現普遍核安全。
Fourth, help developing countries enhance nuclear security capacity. The IAEA and developed countries should offer greater economic, technical and human resources assistance to developing countries in order to achieve nuclear security for all. And in doing so, they should respect the wishes of developing countries and act in the light of their real needs and existing conditions.
第五,切實處理好核安全與和平利用核能的關系。核安全措施應該有利于為各國和平利用核能營造有利環境,促進該領域國際合作。
Fifth, handle properly the relationship between nuclear security and peaceful use of nuclear energy. Nuclear security measures should help foster an enabling environment for peaceful use of nuclear energy by all countries and facilitate related international cooperation.
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