備考2022年英語專業八級考試的考生，都說閱讀部分非常的難。今天幫考網為考生們分享一些專八考試的閱讀題，一起來試試看。

When Ellen M. Roche，24，volunteered fｏｒthe asthma experiment，she didn\\\\\'t expect to benefit from it——except fｏｒthe $365 she\\\\\'d be paid. Unlike clinical trials，in which most patients hope that an experimental therapy will help them，this study was designed just to answer a basic question：how does the way a normal lung reacts to irritants shed light on how an asthmatic lung responds? To find out，scientists led by Dr. Alkis Togias of Johns Hopkins University had Roche ａｎｄ　other healthy volunteers inhale a drug called hexamethonium. Almost immediately Roche began to cough ａｎｄ　feel short of breath. Within weeks her lungs failed ａｎｄ　her kidneys shut down. On June 2 Roche died——a death made more tragic by the possibility that it was preventable. Last week the federal Office fｏｒHuman Research Protections (OHRP) ruled that Hopkins\\\\\'s system fｏｒprotecting human subjects is so flawed that virtually all its U.S.-supported research had to stop.

The worst part is that Hopkins，one of the nation\\\\\'s premier medical institutions，is not alone. Two years ago the inspectｏｒgeneral of the Department of Health ａｎｄ　Human Services warned that the system safeguarding human subjects is in danger of a meltdown. The boards that review proposed studies are overburdened， understaffed ａｎｄ　shot through with conflicts of interest. Oversight is so porous that no one knows how many people volunteer to be human guinea pigs (21 million a year is an educated guess)， how many are hurt ｏｒhow many die. “Thousands of deaths are never reported， ａｎｄ　adverse events in the tens of thousands are not reported，” says Adil Shamoo，a member of the National Human Research Protections Advisory Committee ａｎｄ　professｏｒat the University of Maryland. Greg Koski，head of OHRP，has called the clinical-trials system “dysfunctional.”

The OHRP findings on Hopkins are nothing short of devastating. After a three-day inspection last week，OHRP concluded that the Hopkins scientists failed to get information on the link between hexamethonium ａｎｄ　lung toxicity，even though data were available via “routine” Internet searches ａｎｄ　in textbooks. The drug is not approved fｏｒuse in humans； the hexa-methonium Togias used was labeled [F]ｏｒLABORATORY USE ONLY. The review board， OHRP charges， never asked fｏｒdata on the safety of inhaled hexamethonium in people. The consent form that Roche signed states nowhere that hexamethonium is not approved by the FDA (the form describes it as a “medication”) ａｎｄ　didn\\\\\'t warn about possible lung toxicity.

Hopkins itself concluded that the review board did not do all it could to protect the volunteers，ａｎｄ　suspended all 10 of Togias\\\\\'s studies. Still，the university——whose $301 million in federal grants fｏｒ2，000 human studies made it the largest recipient of government research money last year——is seething. “Hopkins has had over 100 years of doing clinical trials，” says Dr. Edward Miller，CEO of Johns Hopkins Medicine. “We have had one death in all of those years. We would have done anything in the world to prevent that death，but [suspending the studies] seems out of proportion.” Hopkins calls the shutdown of its experiments “unwarranted，unnecessary， paralyzing ａｎｄ　precipitous.” OHRP is letting trials continue “where it is in the best interests” of subjects. The rest of the studies can resume once Hopkins submits a plan to restructure its system fｏｒprotecting research subjects. How quickly that happens， says a government spokesman，depends on Hopkins.

1. In the opening paragraph， the authｏｒintroduces his topic by

[A]explaining a phenomenon

[B]justifying an assumption

[C]stating an incident

[D]making a comparison

2. The statement “The OHRP findings on Hopkins are nothing short of devastating.”(Line1，Paragraph 3) implies that

[A]The OHRP findings on Hopkins are much too impressive.

[B]The OHRP findings on Hopkins are much too shocking.

[C]The OHRP findings on Hopkins are much too convincing.

[D]The OHRP findings on Hopkins are much too striking.

3. The main reasons fｏｒRoche‘s death are as following， except that _______.

[A]the protecting system hasn‘t been ｓｅｔup

[B]the review board has neglected their duty

[C]the research team was not responsible enough fｏｒits volunteers

[D]the possibility of lung toxicity was overlooked

4. The OHRP has found that

[A]Hopkins has loose control over the experiment.

[B]the volunteers knew nothing about the experiment.

[C]there is something wrong with every aspect of the experiment.

[D]there exist many hidden troubles in human subjects safeguarding system.

5. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

[A]Hopkins had no fault in this accident.

[B]Hopkins seemed not to quite agree with The OHRP

[C]Togias\\\\\'s studies shouldn‘t be suspended.

[D]Hopkins wanted to begin their experiments as soon as possible.

答案：CBACB

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