2020年職稱英語考試《衛生類》考試共65題，分為單選題和多選題和判斷題和計算題和簡答題和不定項。小編為您整理歷年真題5道練習題，附答案解析，供您備考練習。

1、Reduce Packaging
Pressure increased recently on British supermarkets and retailers to reduce packaging as part of an anti - waste campaign. ____ Britain generates 4.6 million tons of household waste every year by packaging.
Dozens of people have expressed anger at the excess of plastic wrapping. Campaigners have called on Britain to learn from other European countries, In Belgium, when you buy something in a plastic or glass container, you make a deposit. When returned bottles are put in a vending machine 自動售貨機, the deposit is refunded. Environmentalists warn that Britain lags behind in this.
There were reports of growing unease among consumers over the amount of packaging they have to deal with. Trade standards officers also object to excessive packaging. This is because too much padding can give buyers a false impression of what they are buying.
In response to a campaign by Britain's The Independent newspaper, leading supermarkets have pointed to various initiatives to win the public confidence. tons of cardboard a year by switching to reusable plastic crates 裝貨箱 for transporting its fresh produce.
But campaigners said retailers and the government could learn much from anti - waste practices on the Continent. In Sweden, non - recyclable batteries have been taxed since 1991 to encourage a switch to alternatives. This has resulted in a 74 percent reduction in sales. In Germany, plastic bags are unheard of in supermarkets and deposits are paid for reusable plastic and glass beverage bottles.
【單選題】

A.If a product is over packaged, don't buy it.

B.In Belgium, when you buy something in a plastic or glass container, you make a deposit.

C.This is because too much padding can give buyers a false impression of what they are buying.

D.This has resulted in a 74 percent reduction in sales.

E.Tesco said it was saving 112,000 tons of cardboard a year by switching to reusable plastic crates (裝貨箱) for transporting its fresh produce.

F.The campaign was initiated by The Independent newspaper.

正確答案:F

答案解析:本題難度不是很大，選項意義差異大，比較好排除，本題可以看選項，等到信息提示，使用排除法和代入法。本題的上句談到了，英國超市和零售商減少使用包裹是反浪費活動的一部分，campaign 一詞是信號詞，下句轉到談具體垃圾數量，回來看選項，可以發現F項，提到了campaign，把F項代入文中，符合上下文邏輯，是答案。

1、The traditional paintings are exhibited on the second floor.【單選題】

A.laid

B.displayed

C.kept

D.stored

正確答案:B

答案解析:傳統油畫在二樓展覽。本題難度不大，考察的是基本意義，干擾項干擾不大，exhibit和display都有“展覽”的意思，是近義詞，其他選項都是常用詞匯，和答案意義差異大，最佳答案是B。

1、Online Cancer Chat with a Safety Net
Cancer Research UK has launched an online chat forum for cancer patients to swap (變換) stories and share experiences on how to cope with such a devastating disease.
But Cancer Chat is a forum with a difference: it has an information safety net.
This means that a Cancer Research UK team will keep a watching brief to ensure that patients are not subjected to rogue (劣等的) "cancer cures" or scientifically unsound information.
Anyone can have access to the messages posted on Cancer Chat, but if people wish to post a message, they will need to register.
And Rebekah Gibbs, cancer patient and star of TWs Casualty, has pledged her support for the new project. "I think Cancer Chat is a brilliant idea," she said. "I have written a public diary about what I went through with breast cancer and I have had such a heart - warming response from other people going through the same thing."
The idea of a Cancer Chat forum means you can share information about treatment and side effects and you can really open up about your feelings online in a way that can be difficult when talking to close friends and family. And with Cancer Research UK monitoring the forum, people can be reassured about the quality of information being exchanged.
Cancer Chat will also encourage its users to check out any cancer questions on its CancerHelp UK website, which is specially designed to give patients and their families 6,000 pages of up - to - date information that is easy to understand and explains a wide range of treatments for different types of cancer and gives details of clinical trials. There is also a UK database of cancer clinical trials.
The award - winning website attracts around one million visitors a month and Cancer Research UK hopes that some of these visitors will also want to post comments on the Cancer Chat forum.
For those who do not have access to computers and have questions about cancer, the charity's team of cancer information nurses are available during office hours to talk over patients' concerns on the phone.
Which statement about the CancerHelp UK website is NOT true?【單選題】

A.It offers lots of information on cancer treatment and clinical trials.

B.It attracts numerous visitors.

C.It has won an award.

D.It is accessible only to British citizens.

正確答案:D

答案解析:本題有一定難度，需要認真吃透原文句意，找出判斷依據。認真閱讀文章可以發現，選項里A，B，C三項在文中都提到了，第四段第一句，談到任何人都可以上該論壇的網站瀏覽消息，Cancer Help UK是其子網站，但并沒有提到只有英國公民才能登陸該網站，答案是D。

1、Nurse! I Want My Mummy
When a child is ill in hospital, a parent's first reaction is to be ____ them.
Most hospitals now allow parents to sleep overnight with their child, providing a bed or sofa on the ward.
But until the 1970s this practice was not only frowned upon (不贊同) — it was actively discouraged. Staff worried that the children would be upset when their parents left, and so there was a blanket (通用的) ban.
A concerned nurse, Pamela Hawthorn, disagreed and her study "Nurse, I want my mummy!" published in 1974, changed the face "paediatric (兒科的) nursing.
Martin Johnson, a professor of nursing at the University of Salford, said that the work of nurses like Pamela had changed the face of patient care.
"Pamela's study was done against the background of a lively debate in paediatrics and psychology as to the degree women should spend with children in the outside world and the degree to which they should be allowed to visit children in hospital."
"The idea was that if mum came to visita small child in hospital the child would be upset and inconsolable (無法安慰的) for hours. "
"Yet the nurse noticed that if mum did not come at all the child stayed in a relatively stable state but they might be depressed. "
"Of course we know now that they had almost given up hope that mum was ever coming back."
"To avoid a little bit of pain they said that no one should visit."
"But children were alone and depressed, so Hawthorn said parents should be allowed to visit."
Dr. Peter Carter, chief executive and general secretary of the Royal College of Nursing, said her work had been seminal (開創性的).
"Her research put an end to the days when parents handed their children over to strangers at the door of the hospital ward."
"As a result of her work, parents are now recognized as partners in care and are afforded the opportunity to stay with their children while they are in hospital, which has dramatically improved both parents' and children's experience of care."
【單選題】

A.with

B.over

C.upon

D.for

正確答案:A

答案解析:本題的難度不大，考查介詞with的用法，可以先看選項得到信息提示。文章此處是說“小孩子生病時，父母的第一反應會是陪著孩子”，答案是A。

1、Semco
At 21, Ricardo Semler became boss of his father-s business in Brazil, Semco, which sold parts for ships. Semler Junior worked like a madman, from 7:30 am. , until midnight every day. One afternoon, while touring a factory in New York, he collapsed. The doctor who treated him said, "There's nothing wrong with you. But if you continue like this, you'll find a new home in our hospital." Semler got the message. He changed the way he worked. In fact, he changed the way his employees worked too.
He let his workers take more responsibility so that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrong. He allowed them to set their own salaries, and he cut all the jobs he thought were unnecessary, like receptionists and secretaries. This saved money and brought more equality to the company. "Everyone at Semco, even top managers, meets guests in reception, does the photocopying, sends faxes, types letters and dials the phone."
He completely reorganized the office, instead of walls, they have plants at Semco, so bosses can't shut themselves away from everyone else. And the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want. As for uniforms, some people wear suits and others wear T - shirts.
Semler says, "We have a sales manager named Rubin Agater who sits there reading the newspaper hour after hour. He doesn't even pretend to be busy. But when a Semco pump an the other side of the world fails and millions of gallons of oil are about to spill into the sea, Rubin springs into action.
He knows everything there is to know about our pumps and how to fix them. That's when he earns his salary. No one cares if he doesn't look busy the rest of the time."
Semco has flexible working hours, the employees decide when they need to arrive at work, The employees also evaluate their bosses twice a year. Also, Semco lets its workers use the company's machines for their own projects, and makes them take holidays for at least thirty days a year.
It sounds perfect, but does it work? The answer is in the numbers. In the last six years, Semco's revenues have gone from $ 35 million to $ 212 million. The company has grown from eight hundred employees to 3,000, Why?
Semler says it's because of "peer pressure". Peer pressure makes everyone work hard for everyone else. ____ In other words, Ricardo Semler treats his workers like adults and expects them to act like adults, And they do.
【單選題】

A.Also, Semco lets its workers use the company's machines for their own projects, and makes them take holidays for at least thirty days a year.

B.Most managers spend their time making it difficult for workers to work.

C.This saved money and brought more equality to the company.

D.And the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want.

E.He knows everything there is to know about our pumps and how to fix them.

F.If someone isn't doing his job well, the other workers will not allow the situation to continue.

正確答案:F

答案解析:本題的難度不大，因為已經剩下兩個選項，采用排除法和代入法，能很快確定答案?？梢苑謩e把B，F兩項代入文章里，可以發現，B可以排除掉，而F完全符合上下文句意，前一句談到了同事之間的心理壓力會讓每個人都為了別人而努力工作，F是對這一句的進一步闡述，所以答案是F。