The Normal Distribution：μ;indicated as X ~ Nμ:Approximately 99% fall in μ ± 2.58σ.[PracticemeanNZ corresponding to 8% must equal 50%. So P8% ≤ Portfolio return ≤ 11% = 0.5832 – 0.50 = 0.0832 or approximately 8.3 percent.

The Lognormal Distribution：lnY:[PracticeBcannot have negative values.

The Binomial Distribution：p,of success is constant for:[Practice:[Practicethree.

Sampling：sampling,Samplinggroups[PracticeC.Then

Total, Variable, Fixed, and Marginal Cost and Output：Variable,Fixed,Output:is the summation of all expenses that do not change as the level of production:varies.Total[Practice

Sampling-related Issues: Biases：Sampling-related Issues:Data-mining:biasLook-ahead[PracticeA. look-aheadbias.

Applications of the Normal Distribution：horizon.,safety-first ratioSFRatio=[ERP–RL]σP?[Practice:ABCAllocation C = 8.5 – 4.5 14.34 = 0.279

GDP and GNP：quarter.,Gross,outside of the country.

Shifts in the AD and AS curves and Equilibriums：A decrease in AD lowers real GDP:contractions are associated with rising inflation and interest rates.

Sampling：sampling,Samplinggroups[PracticeThen

What members and candidates should notice in CFA examinations?：or security of the CFA examinations.（不能惡心CFA），考試不能作弊:考試內容要保密:A. No.:Responsibilities as a CFA Institute Member.right④Case

Why members and candidates must develop and maintain appropriate records?：actions,Cannot usehistoricalrecommendations or research reports created at the previous firm because the supporting documentation is unavailable. （不能使用以前的推薦或者研究報告,因為沒有支持數據）For future use,CFA