Gross Domestic Product (GDP)：within the economy in a given period of time incomedefinition.:approachrentgovernment services are simply included in GDP at theircoste.g.undergroundeconomyactivity

Equilibrium GDP and Prices – Stagflation：and energy lead to a decrease in AS;increasing investment in commodities or commodity-based companies.

Equilibrium GDP and Prices：4 Short-run stagflation

Equilibrium GDP and Prices - Recessionary Gap：more pessimistic consumers and businesses:InterestThis suggests the following investment strategy

Equilibrium GDP and Prices - Long-Run Equilibrium：Equilibrium GDP and Prices - Long-Run Equilibrium,Inpracticemeasure with precision.

Equilibrium GDP and Prices - Inflationary Gap：lower taxes:Interestespecially longer-maturity.Raise exposure to speculative fixed-income securities junk bonds.

Calculation of GDP – Income Approach：+,SomeNationalincome=government

The Production Function and Potential GDP：labor:Two-factor production functionKdecline essentially to zero and there would be no long-term economic growth.result

Calculation of GDP – Expenditure Approach：+data sources. The difference is accounted for by a statistical discrepancy.

What members and candidates should notice in CFA examinations?：or security of the CFA examinations.（不能惡心CFA），考試不能作弊:考試內容要保密:A. No.:Responsibilities as a CFA Institute Member.right④Case

Why members and candidates must develop and maintain appropriate records?：actions,Cannot usehistoricalrecommendations or research reports created at the previous firm because the supporting documentation is unavailable. （不能使用以前的推薦或者研究報告,因為沒有支持數據）For future use,CFA

What laws,rules, and regulations should be known by members and candidates?：rules，必須遵守直接相關的法律），but this may be advisable in some circumstances and required by law in others. （沒有要求一定要將違法行為報告政府）也會被認為是參與違法行為）